Theoretically, if we can make ourselves sensitive to insulin-mediated glucose disposal, then the chances of getting the above 5 major diseases will be very low. The above study used insulin suppression test which is quite time-consuming & cannot be done in clinical practice. Basically, it determines how effective infused insulin is in mediating disposal of infused glucose load.
What Kraft & those Japanese scientists from Washington did was similar in the sense that they measure the ability of insulin to dispose the oral glucose load (75g): insulin-sensitive persons (pattern I) can dispose of the 75g glucose load easily, so insulin level drops below 50 microU/ml at 2 hrs post glucose load. Take pattern 4 & 5 from Japanese study. These are insulin-resistant persons, so insulin level had to keep rising upto 2 hrs in order to dispose of the glucose load. Over 10-11 years of follow up, incidence of T2DM for pattern I was 3.2%; that for pattern 4 & 5 was 47.8% & 37.5% respectively. This is amazing too.
I tested a simpler way of assessing insulin-mediated glucose disposal by drinking 7.5 ampules of 50% G/W (75g glucose) & measuring insulin level 2 hrs later. If >100 microU/ml, it is either pattern 4 or 5. If > 50 microU/ml it is likely pattern 2 or 3. If < 50microU/ml, likely pattern I. The subject of course is myself, ha ha.
Thank goodness, my 2 hr post 75g glucose load insulin was 15.4 microU/mL which is below 50; 3 yrs of low carb diet probably have changed my insulin curve into pattern I (of Japanese study). If I had continued gorging on sugary food, the result might be >50, ha ha.